Tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan have sharply escalated following deadly cross-border clashes and airstrikes that both sides blame on each other. The violence, among the worst in years, erupted after alleged Pakistani strikes in Kabul and Paktika, which the Taliban condemned as “unprecedented and reprehensible.” Islamabad has not formally claimed responsibility but accused Afghanistan of harboring militants from the Pakistani Taliban (TTP), a group responsible for hundreds of attacks inside Pakistan.
In retaliation, the Taliban launched strikes on Pakistani positions near Kunar and Nangarhar before halting operations following mediation by Qatar and Saudi Arabia. Both nations reported conflicting death tolls, and Pakistan has since closed major border crossings.
The escalation coincides with Taliban Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi’s visit to India — Pakistan’s regional rival — heightening Islamabad’s unease. Analysts warn the clashes could destabilize long-standing, though fragile, ties between the neighbors.
China, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar have urged restraint, while U.S. President Donald Trump offered to mediate peace. Experts say the future of relations hinges on the Taliban’s willingness to curb TTP operations, a move seen as key to restoring regional stability.



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