At the 20th annual G20 Leaders’ Summit in Johannesburg, member nations adopted a joint Declaration highlighting the importance of sovereignty, human rights, and multilateral cooperation. Unusually, the Declaration was approved at the start of the summit rather than its conclusion, reflecting urgency over rising geopolitical tensions, armed conflicts, and economic challenges.
The Declaration asserts that no country should use force or threats to change internationally recognised borders, in line with the UN Charter. It also condemns terrorism in all forms and calls for respect for fundamental freedoms regardless of race, sex, language, or religion. Diplomats interpreted the statement as an implicit message to nations involved in ongoing territorial disputes.
Leaders stressed the need for inclusive growth, global partnerships for sustainable development, and support for nations disproportionately affected by disasters, especially Small Island Developing States and Least Developed Countries. The Declaration addresses debt challenges, energy security, sustainable industrialisation, and food security. It also encourages equitable use of digital and emerging technologies, reinforces the role of Multilateral Development Banks, and calls for climate action, anti-corruption measures, and protection for migrant workers and whistleblowers.
South Africa’s International Relations Minister described the adoption as a significant moment for global cooperation, highlighting that the G20’s work continues regardless of any single member’s objections.
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